I. What is External Cylindrical Grinding? External cylindrical grinding machines are divided into ordinary external cylindrical grinding machines and universal external cylindrical grinding machines. Ordinary external cylindrical grinding machines can grind the outer cylindrical surfaces, outer conical surfaces, and stepped shaft end faces of workpieces. Universal external cylindrical grinding machines can also grind internal cylindrical surfaces, internal conical surfaces, and end faces. The main parameter of an external cylindrical grinding machine is its maximum grinding diameter. An external cylindrical grinding machine uses two centers as the center and a grinding wheel as the cutting tool to grind cylindrical steel parts with precise concentricity (also called a center grinding machine or cylindrical grinding machine).
II. Characteristics of External Cylindrical Grinding Machines
- The grinding wheel spindle bearing uses a tapered oil wedge hydrodynamic bearing, maintaining high bearing rigidity even at low speeds.
- The grinding wheel head guideway uses a crossed roller rigid guideway, and the semi-automatic feed mechanism uses a rotary cylinder.
- The tailstock shaft system has zero-backlash rigidity; the electrical box, hydraulic box, and cooling box are separated from the machine tool.
- Equipped with a grinding indicator and coolant filter.
- The headstock speed is adjustable via AC frequency conversion stepless speed regulation.
- The electrical system uses a programmable logic controller (PC), featuring self-diagnostic functions and convenient maintenance.
- An automatic measuring instrument is optional.
III. Applications of Cylindrical Grinding Machines Cylindrical grinding machines are mainly used for precision grinding of end faces, outer diameters, and conical surfaces of batches of shaft parts. They are essential equipment in industries such as automotive engines. They are also suitable for processing small batches of shaft parts with high precision requirements in military, aerospace, and general precision machining workshops.
⑴ Used in the textile spinning industry for processing upper rollers on roving frames, drawing frames, combing machines, texturing machines, etc.
⑵ Used in the manufacturing of office communication equipment, for processing upper rollers on fax machines, copiers, printers, engraving machines, etc.
⑶ Suitable for upper rollers on automatic conveyor systems in the printing, food, and pharmaceutical industries, and for plastic processing.
