The application of CNC lathes is becoming more and more extensive, and has penetrated into various industries of economic development. With the application of CNC lathes, collision accidents are also common, becoming a common problem in the development of CNC lathes. CNC lathes are expensive. Once a collision occurs, the tool of the lathe will be damaged. In severe cases, the accuracy of the lathe will be reduced, the machine tool will be partially damaged, and the lathe will even be directly scrapped. Some workers have paid a heavy price for this. Improving the working efficiency of lathes and reducing the collision rate of lathes have become key issues. The main reasons for the collision of CNC lathes are analyzed as follows:
- Wrong input of the diameter and length of the tool;
- Wrong input of the size and other related geometric dimensions of the workpiece and the initial position positioning of the workpiece;
- The workpiece coordinate system of the CNC lathe of the small CNC lathe manufacturer is set incorrectly, or the machine tool zero point is reset during the processing process, resulting in changes. Machine tool collisions mostly occur during the rapid movement of the machine tool. The harm of the collision at this time is also greater and should be absolutely avoided.
Therefore, the operator should pay special attention to the initial stage of the CNC lathe execution of the program and when the machine tool is changing the tool. At this time, if the program is edited incorrectly, the diameter and length of the tool are entered incorrectly, it is easy to cause a collision.
The operator’s operating procedures will also affect the operation of the CNC lathe. Many crashes are caused by improper operation of the operator. There are several types of improper operations by the operator:
(1) Not starting the program at the starting position. When starting the program, the tool holder should be placed in the original position. When starting work, the operator will generally check carefully. The failure is likely to occur after the start after a pause. At this time, the operator did not pay attention to the check, causing a crash.
(2) Starting the machine tool at the starting position of the tool holder and the mid-position of the program. This method will cause the punched tape machine to not remember the position of the moving paper tape after pausing in the middle; it is also possible that after pausing, the CNC machine tool that stores the program will not press the “reset” button.
(3) Manual operation is irregular, pressing the fast button and releasing it too slowly, using the manual pulse generator to move the tool in the wrong direction, causing the tool to hit the workpiece.
(4) Due to the lack of attention to the longer tool, a collision is likely to occur during both automatic and manual operation.
(5) The tool compensation value varies greatly. When correcting the workpiece size, the tool compensation value needs to be manually input, which can easily lead to carelessness and cause the tool and workpiece to collide.
